Mar 10, 2025
Schwa sound
English stress patterns
Always have a primary stress
The primary stress is the word that sticks out the most. Verify on dictionary.com. the primary will be marked with bold text or an apostrophe to the side.
The rest of the syllables either get a secondary stress or a weak stress.
The secondary stress is a pure vowel pronounced in an effortless way. It's not higher longer or louder.
Opportunity
Ah pur TUN uh (t)i
Holiday
HAH luh day
Congratulations
Kn gra dju LAY shuns
Note: in words with a suffix like shun the primary stress is always the syllable before the suffix.
If you can drop it to a schwa and it still makes sense, or it sounds better, then it's probably a Schwa.
Kug
It's a reduced sound
It only appears in unstressed syllables
It's not a real vowel but a reduction of all the other vowels
This is so freaking confusing
There is no specific spelling pattern for this vowel
Modify
Not MOD uh fuh
Can't reduce the last syllable
When a word ends in why it's always going to be a secondary stress.
That's also a hint that you can do a reduction right before. English tries to work itself into a stressed and stressed pattern. So most often before a secondary stressed would be an unstressed
Computer
Km PU ter
Management
Man uh jmnt
A as in about
Oh as in Melody
I as in Holiday
U as in focus
E Manager
Io station
Not using schwa doesn't take away from your clarity
Meduhcine medEcine
The sound makes you sound native and helps with your listening skills.
Helps with the pronunciation of long words
Schwa helps with reduction of less important non-functional words (have, will, to, the, for, when, can, etc)
For example/ ferexample
There is one primary stressed vowel per word all the rest are secondary or reduced vowels.
a - MEY - zing
si-tu-WEY-tion
victory
vic-to-ry
VIK - tuh-ri
congratulate
con-GRA-tu-late
k'n – GRA - djuh - leit
If you can substitute a Schwa and it doesn't mess up the pronunciation then it should be a schwa.
Primary stress is higher longer and louder
Secondary stress is a pure vowel
Congratulate
k'n – GRA - djuh - leit
Short long short medium
Reducing the vowels changes the rhythm of the word.
hospital
HOS-pi-tal
HAAS – puh – tl
The shwa is affected by what comes before and what comes after it
Dictionaries represent the Schwa as an upside down e.
Reduced to a very neutral vowel sound uh
The Schwa in around and people are slightly different.
People is a schwa before dark L, holiday
Schwa is also used in phrases for function words.
Content words like nouns verbs adjectives and adverbs
Function words are prepositions and articles and determiners on it at should could would have as our
What do you
whadaya
Has a big part in American intonation rhythm and stress
Practice:
guess where the stress goes
Campus
Possibility
Procedure
Atmosphere
Communicate
Cafeteria
Lemon
Personal
Creative
At the beginning of words
Today
Tonight
Tomorrow
At the end of words
Graduation
Political
Middle
Ability
By undefined
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English
Beginner