READING COMPREHENSION 1

TV Effects on Children A recent opinion poll discovered that many people were very concerned about the amount of sex and violence depicted in movies, television shows, and popular music. This poll also discovered, however, that most people thought that individuals should take responsibility to correct the problems. The vast majority favored such solutions as tighter parental supervision, warning labels on records, and voluntary self-restraints by entertainment companies. Only 27 per cent favored government censorship. At the same time, there was growing concern about the impact of television on children. Research has shown that by the time our children reach age 18, they have spent more time watching television than in school. The problem was that our television system was attuned to the marketplace. Children are treated as a market to be sold to advertisers at so much money per thousand eyeballs. 1. According to the reading, to prevent the bad effects of television, only a minority ----. A) support individual action B) say parents should supervise their children C) believe in the necessity of censorship applied by governments D) think television companies have to control their own broadcasting E) require the records be put labels 2. It is stated in the passage that ----. A) many people think pop music videos are not so violent as movies B) movies today are a good means to show the young the possible         dangers awaiting for them in the real world C) parents believe there should be more TV shows on         television suitable for the young's sexual education D) television has covered more place in an eighteen-year-old teenager's         life than school E) parents believe schools are the places where our children first learn         what violence is 3. It is emphasized in the reading that ----. A) many children have eyesight problems due to watching television         excessively B) children are a main focus of the advertisers C) there are not enough advertisements on television D) our television shows should be designed according to our         children's preferences E) children should learn what to watch on television at school  

STUDENTS LEARNING One of the major processes that takes place in schools, of course, is that students learn. When they graduate from high school, many can use a computer, write essays with three-part theses, and differentiate equations. In addition to learning specific skills, they learn to think critically, to weigh evidence and to develop independent judgment. The extent to which this development takes place is related to both school and home environments. Teachers who are more open to new ideas and less authoritarian produce students who have greater intellectual flexibility and higher achievement test scores. Studies show that teachers are most demanding when they are of the same social class as their students. The greater the difference between their own social class and that of their pupils, the more rigidly they structure their classrooms and the fewer demands they place on their students. 1. It is stated in the passage that teachers who are more open to new ideas ----. A) produce more successful students in terms of test scores and         intellectual flexibility B) often come from a lower social class than their students C) are more authoritarian towards students D) discourage intellectual flexibility in schools E) give students more homework 2. We learn from the reading that when students graduate from high school ----. A) none of them are able to think critically B) they can take the overall responsibility of anything C) all of them have a good knowledge of computer usage D) many of them have gained specific skills like writing essays and         differentiating equations E) most of them lack knowledge because of unavailability of ideal learning         conditions 3. According to the reading, it is true that ----. A) teachers who are from a higher social class than their students should         be hired B) it is not so difficult to constitute ideal learning conditions C) with close supervision every student can get high test scores D) both the school and home environments greatly influence a student's         achievement in school E) students learn best in a rigid classroom environment