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Eye Color Change Surgery - Level 4 More people are having cosmetic surgery to improve their looks. However, procedures to change the color of one's eyes are risky. Research conducted by an eyewear store states eye color surgery has a 92 percent chance of problems. This Surgery is the riskiest cosmetic procedure. Operations include a procedure called keratopigmentation. This is a permanent color change in which a special dye is inserted into the eyes with lasers. An American eyecare group warned against eye color change procedures. It said things can go wrong. These include dye leakage, allergic reactions, sensitivity to light, and blindness. It added: "Anything that we do with the eyes, we have to be very, very cautious." An eye specialist said getting colored contact lenses was better than surgery. She said this, "can give you the look you want without putting your eye health at risk".

Eye Color Change Surgery - Level 5 More people worldwide are opting for cosmetic surgery to improve their looks. What people may not know is that procedures to change the color of one's eyes are the riskiest. Research conducted by an online eyewear store states eye color surgery has a 92 percent likelihood of complications. The surgery tops the list of riskiest cosmetic procedures. Operations include iris implants and pigment removal. There is also a procedure called keratopigmentation. This is a permanent color change in which a special dye is inserted into the eyes using precision laser technology. The American Academy of Ophthalmology warned against eye color change procedures. It highlighted things that could go wrong. These include dye leakage, allergic reactions, sensitivity to light, vision loss, and ultimately blindness. It added: "Anything that we do with the eyes, we have to be very, very cautious." The researchers said it can take up to two months to recover from surgery. An ophthalmologist advised getting colored contact lenses instead of an operation. She said this, "can give you the look you want without putting your eye health at risk". Put the words in the right order to   looks.   enhance   surgery   their   cosmetic   for   Opting colour   of   to   Procedures   one's   change   the   eyes. complications.   with   comes   a   likelihood   of   Surgery   92% the   list   of   cosmetic   Tops   procedures.   riskiest   researchers' into   special   eyes.   is   the   colourant   inserted   A a   procedures.   against   change   colour   eye   warning   Issued cornea   to   Damage   cloudiness.   can   the   cause   that to   two   months.   Recovery   up   be   can   time instead   lenses   knife.   under   Getting   of   the   going want.   you   the   give   can   look   you   This

Eye Color Change Surgery - Level 6 Increasing numbers of people worldwide are opting for cosmetic surgery to enhance their looks. What prospective patients may not know is that procedures to change the color of one's eyes are the riskiest. Research conducted by the online eyewear store Overnight  Glasses asserts that eye color surgery comes with a 92 percent likelihood of complications. Eye color change tops the researchers' list of riskiest cosmetic procedures. Such operations include iris implants and laser pigment removal. There is also a procedure called keratopigmentation. This is a permanent eye color change in which a special colorant is inserted into the eyes using precision laser technology. Earlier this year, the American Academy of Ophthalmology released a warning against eye color change procedures. Dr Ashley Brissette highlighted things that could go wrong. These include dye leakage, allergic reactions, infections, sensitivity to light, damage to the cornea that can lead to cloudiness or vision loss, and ultimately blindness. She said: "Anything that we do with the eyes, we have to be very, very cautious." The researchers said recovery time can be up to two months, and the average cost of surgery is $12,000. Ophthalmologist Nicole Bajic advised getting colored contact lenses instead of going under the knife. She said this, "can give you the look you want without putting your eye health at risk". Academic writing People should never change their eye colour. Discuss. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

Music Tempo - Level 0 Chechnya has banned songs that are too fast or too slow. It said all music must have a tempo of between 80 to 116 beats per minute. However, Russia's national anthem is 76 beats per minute. People do not know if they can play it. It seems likely the national anthem will not follow the new rule. The music ban is to protect Chechnya's culture and heritage. The Moscow Times said it was to remove Westernization. Chechnya's leader said, "Borrowing musical culture from other people is not allowed." Local artists must rewrite their songs to follow the new rules. People will no longer be able to listen to techno music.

Music Tempo - Level 1 Chechnya has made a rule about music speed. It has banned songs that are too fast or too slow. It said all music and songs should have a tempo of between 80 to 116 beats per minute. Eighty beats per minute is much slower than most modern pop music. However, Russia's national anthem is 76 beats per minute. There has been no word about whether it can be played. It seems likely it will not have to follow the new rule. The ban on up-tempo and down-tempo music is to protect Chechnya's culture. The Moscow Times said it was, "to root out any hint of Westernization". Chechnya's leader said "Borrowing musical culture from other people is [not allowed]." The culture minister said the ban will give children their cultural heritage. Local artists must rewrite their songs to follow the new rules. People will no longer be able to listen to techno music or many pop songs.

Music Tempo - Level 3 The culture ministry of the Russian Republic of Chechnya has made a rule about what speed of music people can listen to. The ministry has banned songs that are too fast or too slow. It announced the tempo of songs allowed. It said: "From now on, all musical, vocal, and choreographic works should correspond to a tempo of between 80 to 116 beats per minute." The new standard, which starts at 80 beats per minute, is much slower than a lot of modern-day pop music. However, the Russian national anthem is usually played at 76 beats per minute. There has been no word from the culture ministry about whether the anthem can be played. It seems likely the anthem will be an exception to the new rule. The ban on music that is too up-tempo or too down-tempo is to protect Chechnya's culture and traditions. The Moscow Times said it was, "to root out any hint of Westernization". Chechnya's leader, Ramzan Kadyrov, said the ban was to make music, "conform to the Chechen mentality". He added: "Borrowing musical culture from other people's is inadmissible." Musa Dadaev, Chechnya's culture minister, said: "We must bring to the people and the future of our children the cultural heritage of the Chechen people." Local artists have until June the 1st to rewrite their songs to follow the new tempo. People in Chechnya will no longer be able to listen to techno music, or many songs by Beyonce, Drake, and Taylor Swift.

Rideable Suitcases - Level 0 Rideable suitcases are causing problems in Japan. They have a top speed of 13 kph. People are riding them around airports and train stations. Japan says the suitcases are motorized vehicles. This means riders need a helmet, a driver's license, and insurance. The suitcases must have a mirror and indicator lights. Rideable suitcases are now popular with celebrities. K-pop stars have posted online videos of themselves riding their luggage. Companies have rules for the suitcases. British Airways said they must have removable batteries. A transport expert said strange new types of transport will continue to come out.

Rideable Suitcases - Level 1 New suitcases are causing problems in Japan. They are rideable. Travelers can sit on them. They have a top speed of 13 kph. People are riding them around airports and train stations. However, Japan's laws classify luggage as a motorized vehicle. This means the rider needs a helmet, a driver's license, and insurance. The suitcases must have a rear-view mirror and indicator lights. Japanese airports have asked tourists to pull the suitcases and not ride them. Electric luggage has been around since 2016. Rideable suitcases are now popular with celebrities. K-pop stars Blackpink have posted online videos of themselves riding their luggage. Companies have rules for the suitcases. British Airways will allow them on airplanes if the batteries can be removed. A transport expert said: "Unexpected new forms of transport will continue to emerge." He added that we will need more new laws.

Rideable Suitcases - Level 2 The latest advance in suitcases is causing problems in Japan. It is a rideable suitcase that travelers can sit on. They have a speed of up to 13 kph. The speedy luggage is growing in popularity. People are riding their suitcases around airports, train stations, and streets. However, the luggage is classed as a motorized vehicle in Japanese law. This means the rider needs a helmet, a driver's license, and insurance. The suitcases must be registered, and have a rear-view mirror and indicator lights. Japanese airports have asked tourists to pull rather than ride the suitcases. Electric luggage has been around since 2016. One company that made them had a slogan. It was "the carry-on that carries you". Rideable suitcases are now popular with celebrities. K-pop stars Blackpink and singer Katie Perry have posted online videos of themselves riding their luggage. Companies also have rules for this new way of getting around. British Airways will only allow them on airplanes if the batteries can be removed. A transport expert said: "Unexpected new forms of transport will continue to emerge." He added that new laws will always be needed.

Rideable Suitcases - Level 3 The latest advances in suitcase technology are causing problems in Japan. Many suitcases are now rideable. Travelers can sit on them, and travel at a speed of up to 13 kph. The motorized luggage is becoming increasingly popular. However, it is becoming a nuisance in some parts of Japan. More and more people there are riding their suitcases around airports, train stations, and Tokyo streets. The problem is that the mobile luggage is classed as a motorized vehicle under Japanese law. This means they can be ridden on roads only. The rider needs a helmet, a driver's license, and insurance. Laws require the suitcases to be registered and have a rear-view mirror and indicator lights. Airports in Osaka and Nagoya have asked tourists to pull rather than ride the suitcases. Electric luggage has been around since 2016. Back then, a company called Modobag produced them. The company's slogan was "the carry-on that carries you". In the past year, the rideable luggage has become popular with celebrities. K-pop stars Blackpink, singer Katie Perry, and media personality Paris Hilton have all posted online videos of themselves riding their suitcases. Companies are also trying to make rules for the new way of getting around. British Airways will only allow them on airplanes if the lithium batteries can be removed because the batteries are a fire risk. Kyodo News spoke to transport expert Dr Takeru Shibayama. He said: "Unexpected new forms of transport will continue to emerge." He added that new laws will always be needed. Academic writing We should ban rideable suitcases to keep obesity down.  Discuss. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

Italy's Government May Punish the Use of English - Level 0 Italy's government may fine people for using English words in Italian. A spokesperson is worried that "Anglomania" will damage the Italian language. He wrote: "We continue our battle for the use of Italian instead of English." He wants people to be fined up to €100,000 for using English words. The Internet and social media have spread English all around the world. People are worried this will harm their language. An Italian language group disagreed with fines. Other people like them. Since 2000, the number of English words used in Italian has increased by 773 percent. There are no signs this will stop.

Italy's Government May Punish the Use of English - Level 1 Level 1 Italy wants to stop people from using English words in Italian. People could get a fine for using non-Italian words. A government spokesperson is worried about the growth of English words in Italian. He called it "Anglomania". He wrote: "We continue our battle for the use of Italian instead of English." He said English was damaging the Italian language. He wants people to get fined up to €100,000 for using English words. English has spread around the world for a century. The Internet and social media have increased its use. People are worried this will harm their language. Not all Italians like having fines. A linguistics society disagreed with them. Other people like the idea. They are worried about the spread of English. Since the year 2000, the number of English words used in Italian has increased by 773 percent. There are no signs this will stop. Paragraph 1 Match 1____Italy wants to 2____using English 3____People could get a 4____A government 5____worried about the growth 6____He called it " 7____the use of Italian instead 8____get fined up a. spokesperson b. to €100,000 c. of English words d. words in Italian e. of English f. stop people g. Anglomania" h. fine

Italy's Government May Punish the Use of English - Level 3 Italy's ruling party may introduce a new law to stop people from using English words in Italian. People could get fined for using English and other non-Italian words in official communications. The idea is from government member Fabio Rampelli. He is worried about the growing number of English words in Italian. He called it "Anglomania". He is unhappy with the word "dispenser". He wrote: "We continue our battle for the use of Italian instead of English. We can't understand why we say 'dispenser'." Mr. Rampelli said English is damaging the Italian language. He wants people to get a fine if they use English words. The fines could be between €5,000 and €100,000 ($5,500 and $110,000). English has been increasing around the world for over a century. The Internet and social media have increased its use. Most languages now use English words. Many people are concerned that English is harming their native language. However, not all Italians agree with having fines for the use of English. A top Italian linguistics society, the Accademia della Crusca, said it totally disagreed with Mr Rampelli's idea. Other people support the fines. They are worried about the growing number of English words in Italian. They say that since the year 2000, the number of English words in use in the Italian language has increased by an amazing 773 percent. There are no signs that this will stop. Comprehension questions 1. What organization wants to introduce a new law? 2. Where might people not be able to use English and non-Italian words? 3 .What did Fabio Rampelli call the Italian love of English words? What word did Fabio Rampelli say he was unhappy with? What's the highest fine Italians could get for using English words? For how long has English been increasing around the world? What did many people say English is harming? What kind of society is the Accademia della Crusca? What did the Accademia della Crusca think of Mr Rampelli's idea? By how much has the number of English words in Italian increased?

Italy's Government May Punish the Use of English - Level 2 Level 2 Italy may introduce a law to stop people from using English words in Italian. People could get a fine for using non-Italian words in official communications. Government member Fabio Rampelli is worried about the growing number of English words in Italian. He called it "Anglomania". He wrote: "We continue our battle for the use of Italian instead of English. We can't understand why we say 'dispenser'." He said English was damaging the Italian language. He wants people to get fined for using English words. The fines could be up to €100,000 ($110,000). English has been growing around the world for a century. The Internet and social media have increased its use. English words are in most languages. People are worried this will harm their native language. Not all Italians agree with fines for the use of English. A linguistics society said it disagreed with the idea. Other people support the fines. They are worried about the number of English words in Italian. Since the year 2000, the number of English words used in the Italian language has increased by an amazing 773 percent. There are no signs it will stop increasing. Academic writing The world would be better if there was only one language.  Discuss. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

Marmoset Monkeys Call Each Other by Name - Level 4 Marmosets call each other by name. The primates are native to South America. Scientists from a university in Israel studied 10 marmosets. The team found that the animals used unique calls with other monkeys. The study's co-author said marmosets are the first non-human primates known to use names. Researchers studied marmosets in a variety of pairings. They then used A.I. to analyze more than 50,000 monkey calls and find the names. The findings could show how human language evolved. People thought that our language was unique. However, a researcher said there is "evidence that this is not the case". He speculated on how marmosets developed names. He said: "Marmosets live in…family groups, and take care of their young together, much like humans do." He said these similarities suggest marmosets faced similar evolutionary challenges to early humans. Reading Comprehension Check: Q&A  Write your own questions based on what you've just read then let your partner answer it. Vice Versa.

Marmoset Monkeys Call Each Other by Name - Level 5 Marmoset monkeys call each other by name, similar to humans. The primates are native to South America. Scientists from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem studied the interaction of 10 marmosets. The team found that the animals used unique calls with other monkeys. The co-author of the study said marmosets are the first non-human primates known to use names. Researchers studied marmosets in a variety of pairings. They then used A.I. to analyze more than 50,000 monkey calls. This allowed the scientists to see that the animals had names for each other. The findings could shed light on how human language evolved. A researcher said: "People thought that human language was a singular phenomenon that popped out of nothing. We're starting to see evidence that this is not the case." He speculated on how marmosets developed a system of names. He said: "Marmosets live in small, monogamous family groups, and take care of their young together, much like humans do. These similarities suggest that they faced comparable evolutionary social challenges to our early pre-linguistic ancestors."

Marmoset Monkeys Call Each Other by Names - Level 6 Researchers say marmoset monkeys call each other by name, similar to how humans recognize each other. The 20-cm-long primates are native to South America. Scientists from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem studied the social interaction of 10 marmosets. The research team discovered that the animals used unique calls for other monkeys in their group. Dr David Omer, co-author of the study, said marmosets are the first non-human primates known to use names. The researchers put the marmosets in a variety of pairings. They then used artificial intelligence to analyze more than 50,000 monkey calls. This allowed the scientists to determine the animals had names for each other. Dr Omer believes the findings could shed light on how human language evolved. He said: "Until quite recently, people thought that human language was a singular phenomenon that popped out of nothing. We're starting to see evidence that this is not the case." Omer postulated how marmosets developed a system of name-calling. He said: "Marmosets live in small, monogamous family groups, and take care of their young together, much like humans do. These similarities suggest that they faced comparable evolutionary social challenges to our early pre-linguistic ancestors." Other creatures known to identify others in their group by name are dolphins and elephants. Comprehension questions How long are marmosets? How many marmosets did the researchers study? Who is David Omer? What did researchers use to analyze the monkey calls? How many monkey calls did the researchers analyze? What could the research cast light on? Where did people once think language popped out of? What kind of groups do marmosets live in? Who were the marmosets' evolutionary social challenges similar to? What other two creatures use names in social interaction?

Scientists Fear: People Will Fall In Love With AI Voices - Level 4 OpenAI is worried about people becoming emotionally dependent on artificial intelligence. It has released new lifelike voices that are almost the same as human voices. They can have conversations, laugh, interject with "umms" and "aahs," and they can deal with interruptions. An OpenAI report states: "Users might form social relationships with the AI, reducing their need for human interaction." The report warns that chatbots could change society. They could even end communication among humans. However, the report highlights some benefits. These include bringing comfort to lonely people and helping those with no self-confidence. People may gain enough confidence to start dating. Conversely, chatbots could make people ruder and more selfish. A website says chatbots could increase biases and spread disinformation.

Scientists Fear: People Will Fall In Love With AI Voices - Level 5 OpenAI is worried that people may become emotionally dependent on artificial intelligence. The company has released a new "advanced voice mode". The chatbot has lifelike voices that are almost the same as human voices. They can have conversations in real-time, laugh, and interject with "umms," "aahs" and "hmms," and they can adjust to being interrupted. An OpenAI report states that these human-sounding voices may lead people to rely on AI for friendship and love. It said: "Users might form social relationships with the AI, reducing their need for human interaction." The report warns that future chatbots could change society. They will reshape how we interact with everyone. They could even end communication among humans. The report points to the benefits of the chatbot. These include bringing comfort to lonely people and helping those who lack self-confidence. The report says people may gain enough confidence to start dating. Conversely, chatbots could make people ruder, more impatient, and more selfish. Wired.com says the new chatbot could increase societal biases, spread disinformation, and help the development of chemical weapons.

Scientists Fear: People Will Fall In Love With AI Voices - Level 6 OpenAI, the company that owns ChatGPT, is worried that people may become emotionally dependent on artificial intelligence voices. The company released a new "advanced voice mode" to users last week. The chatbot comes equipped with an array of lifelike voices that are almost indistinguishable from human voices. They can have an authentic conversation in real-time, laugh at the right time, interject with "umms," "aahs" and "hmms," and they can adjust to being interrupted. An OpenAI report states that the newly-released, human-sounding voices may lead people to rely on AI for companionship, and even for romance and love. It cautioned: "Users might form social relationships with the AI, reducing their need for human interaction." The OpenAI report warns that future chatbots could fundamentally change societies. They will reshape how we interact with family, friends, and colleagues. They may even usurp communication among humans. The report points to the benefits of the new tool. These include bringing comfort and friendship to lonely people and giving confidence to those who lack self-confidence. The report says people may gain enough confidence to start dating in the real world. On the flip side, chatbots could cause people to be ruder, more impatient, and more selfish. Wired.com writes that the new chatbot includes "the potential…to amplify societal biases, spread disinformation, and aid in the development of chemical or biological weapons". Academic writing Falling in love with an AI chatbot is OK. Discuss. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________