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Jul 9, 2022

Grammar/ vocabulary revision class

By 정하늘 (amal) ~에 :per, by, for 에 has different usages. It can be used used to say : per, by 한 달에: per month 사과 한 개: per one apple Examples (예문) : ★이 사과 한 개 얼마예요? How much is it for one apple? ★저는 하루에 약을 두 번 먹었어요 I took medecine twice a day ★그 친구를 일주일에 헌 번 만나요 I meet that friend one per week ★여기에 한 달에 세 번 와요 I Come here three times per week ★하루에 2시간동안 운도해요 I work out during 2 hours per day

By 정하늘 (amal) 색깔–Colours ★검정색/ 까만색/ 검은색: Black ★갈색: Brown ★빨간색: Red ★주황색/ 오렌지색 : Orange ★노란색: Yellow ★금색: Gold ★초록색/녹색 : Green ★파란색: Blue ★하늘색: Sky Blue ★보라색: Purple ★분홍색/ 핑크색 : Pink ★회색: Grey ★은색: Silver ★하얀색/ 흰색 : White Other Vocabulary: 부드러운색: Soft color 선명한색: Vivid color 어두운색: Dark color 밝은색: Light color 파스텔톤의색 Pastel tone colours

By 정하늘 (amal) 눈빛: a look in one's eyes 별빛: starlight 불빛: light, glow 햇빛: sunlight, sunshine, sunbeam 얼굴빛: complexion

By 정하늘 (amal) 다시, 또 Again, once more 다시 and 또 both means "again" but even though they're basically similar there's a slight difference For 다시: You use it when you want to start anew /again something that you have already done either in the same way or differentlt because you found that something is wrong. Or when you used to do something regularly /often and stopped for a few days and recently starts it again For 또: You just use it when you do something regularly and repeatedly or when that somthign happens regularly and repeatedly Examples: ★Let's talk again soon ~곧 또 이야기하자! (you're used to talk all the time and you just want to talk again) ~곧 다시 이야기하자! (You used to talk frome time to time occasionally and want to make sure the other person know you want to talk with him/her again) ★I'll make kimpap again! ~김밥을 다시 만들거야! (you made of before just once. Or you made it many times but you're not that much satisfied with the result) ~김밥은 또 만들거야 ★I will study Korea again ~한국어를 공부를 다시 할거예요 (maybe you had some wrong info in Korean and want to study again to correct it or you studied Korean before and stopped for a long time and then you wanttes to study it again) ~한국어를 공부 또 항 거예요 (you're just used to study Korean and will do it again)

By 정하늘 (amal) Pronouciation tip#13 의 different pronouciations [의] as first syllable is pronounced normally 의사: doctor 의자: chair 의각 : the angle 의미: meaning [에] if it's in the end of a word 한국의 문화: korean culture 아이의 우유: the baby's milk 한국: korea 문화:culture 아이: baby 우유: milk [이] when with other consonants or in the middle of a word 희다 무늬: pattern 꽃무늬 드레스 있습니다 I have a dress with floral patterns :희망: hope 동의어: synonym

By 정하늘 (amal) Vocabulary related to studies : School's vocabulary (학교의 어휘) : ★School :학교 ★Primary school :초등학교 ★Middle school:중학교 ★High school: 고등학교 ★University : 대학교 ★Private school (private academy) : 학원 ★Teacher: 선생님 ★Student : 학생 ★College student : 대학생 ★Primary schooler:초등학생 ★Middle schooler:중학생 ★High schooler: 고등학생 ★A graduated student : 졸업생 Expressions to use these vocab with (표현) : ★I am a... 저는...... 이에요 ★ my younger sister is a... 제 여동생이....... 이에요 ★ My younger brother goes to..... 제 남동생이 .... 에 다녀요. 제 남동생이 ...... 에 가요 ★the teacher explains well 선생님이 잘 설명해요 ★Classroom :교실 ★notebook : 공책 ★dictionary :서전 ★desk: 책상 ★chair : 의자 ★Homework : 숙제 ★Black board: 칠판 ★Chalk: 분필 ★Pen: 펜 ★Pencil: 연필 ★Eraser/rubber:지우게 ★Paper:종이 ★Book: 책 ★Drawing: 그림 ★Pencil case: 필통 Expressions (표현) : ★in the classroom there's... 교실에.... 이/가 있어요 ★I have a/an..... 제가...... 이/가 있어요 ★on the desk there is.... 책상 위에....... 이/가 있는데요 ★under the desk there is... 책상 밑에는.... 이/가 있어요 ★Test/exam: 시험 ★Vacation: 방학 ★Study abroad: 유학 ★Questions:질문 ★Handwring:글씨 ★Problem: 문제 Expressions (표현) : ★I'm having an exam tomorrow 내일 시험이 볼 거예요 내일 시험이 있어요 ★I succeeded in the exam 제가 시험에 합격했어요 ★I failed the exam 제가 시험에 떨어졌어요 ★I have a vacation next week 다음 주에는 방학이 있어요 ★I have a vacation next month 다음 달에는 방학이 있어요 ★Language studies:어학 ★Math:수학 ★Science:과학 ★History:역사 ★Music:음악 ★Foreign languages:외국어 ★Physics :물리학 ★Geography :지리 ★Art:미술 ★Biology: 생물학 Expressions (표현) : ★(subject's name) is hard ...... 이/가 어려워요 ★(subject name) is easy .... 이/가 쉬워요 ★(subject's name) is interesting /fun ..... 이/가 재미있어요 ★I will study (subject's name) 저는 ..... 을/를 공부할 거예요. ★(subject's name) is so boring ..... 이/가 지루해요 ★I understood (subject's name) very well 저는 ..... 을/를 잘 이해했어요 ★I can't understand (subject's name) 저는 ..... 을/를 못 이해해요 ★I need to review (subject's name) ...... 을/를 복습해야 돼요 ★... ★배우다: to learn ★공부하다: to study ★가르치다: to teach ★대답하다: to answer ★쓰다: to write/to use ★검색하다/ 찾아보다: to search for/ to look for ★연습하다:to practice ★복습하다:to review/to revise ★듣다: to listen ★읽다: to read ★설명하다: to explain ★이해하다: to understand ★물어보다/ 질문하다/ 물다: to ask ★학교에 다니다: to attend school ★알다: To know ★어렵다 :to be hard/difficult ★쉽다: to be easy ★피곤하다: to be tired ★힘들다: to be hard/to require effort ★재미있다: to be fun, to be interesting ★지루하다:to be boring ★크다:to be big ★작다: to be small

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (문법) : How to say but with verbs To say but in Korean you can use : ~하지만 ~그런데 ~근데 ~그렇지만 ~그러나 All these can be used to connect between 2 sentences /2 clauses ★I hate maths but I do really like languages ~저는 수학을 싫어해요. 하지만 언어를 좋아해요. ~저는 수학을 싫어해요. 그란데 언어를 좋아해요 ~저는 수학을 싫어해요. 근데 언어를 좋아해요 ~저는 수학을 싫어해요. 그렇지만 언어를 좋아해요 ~저는 수학을 싫어해요. 그러나 언어를 좋아해요 ... So how can we use but with verbs? There are 2 methods The first one is taking the verb stem and adding 지만 to it ★가르치다: To teach 가르치지만 ★소리를 지르다: To scream 소리를 지르지만 ★자르다:To cut 자르지만 Examples (예문) : ★파티에 가고 싶지만 너무 피곤해요 I want to go the party but Im very tired ★시험을 위해 잘 공부하지만 잘 못 봤어요 I studied well for the exam but I didn't pass it well ★아기가 아주 졸리지만 아직 안 잤어요 The baby is so sleepy but he's still not sleeping yet ★저는 차를 사고 싶지만 돈이 없으니까 할 수 없어요 I wanna buy a car but since I don't have money I can't ★저는 그녀를 전화하지만 대답하지 않았어요 I called her but she didn't reply. The 2nd method is : Verb +는데 Adjectives (descriptive verbs + (으) ㄴ데 If we have a verb all what we have to do is add 는데 to the verb stem : ★만나다:To meet 만나는데 ★부르다: To call (someone) 부르는데 ★배우다: To learn 배우는데 ★가다: To go 가는데 If we have an adjectives (also known as descriptive verb) all what we have to do is add 은데or ㄴ데 to the descriptive verb stem : ~if the descriptive verb stem ends with a vowel: ㄴ데 ~if the descriptive verb stem ends with a consonant : 은데 ★크다: To be big, huge, vast.. 큰디 ★키가 작다: To be Short 키가 작은데 ★배고프다:To be hungry 배고픈데 Examples (예문) : ★ 제 여자친구는 멋있는데 조금 게을러요 My girlfriend is stylish but lazy ★돈을 없는데 시간이 많아요 I don't have money but I have a lot of time ★낮에는 더운데 밤에는 추워요 It is hot in the daytime, but cold at night ★여동생이 귀여운데 짜증스럽기도 해요 My younger sister is cute but she can also be annoying ★한식은 매운데 막았어요 Korean food is spicy but also delicious

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (문법) : A is good for B A은/는 B에 좋다 When you want to say A is good for B And B is an inaminated thing we gonna do it like this A은/는 B에 좋아요 Examples (예문) : ★lemon juice and honey are good for sore throats 레몬 주스와 벌꿀은 인후염에 좋아요 ★vitamin C is good for colds 비타민 C는 감기에 좋아요 ★water is good for flowers 물은 꽃에 좋아요 ★The sun is good for plans 태양은 식물에 좋아요 ★listening is good for learning a language 듣는 것은 언어 배우기에 좋아요

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (문법) : A is bad for B A은/는 B에 나쁘다 When you want to say A is bad for B And B is an inaminated thing we gonna do it like this A은/는 B에 나빠요 Examples (예문) : ★ Cigarettes are bad for your health 담배는 몸에 나빠요 ★ alcohol is bad for one's health 술을 건강에 나빠요 ★ Divorce is bad for children's mental health 이혼은 아이들의 정식(적) 건강에 나빠요 ★coffee is bad for sleep 커피는 숙면에 나빠요 숙면:deep sleep, sound sleep 잠: sleep ★sleeping late is bad for the health 늦게 자기는 건강에 나빠요

By 정하늘 (amal) 취미에 대해 말합시다 Let's talk about hobbies! How to ask and answers questions about hobbies: ★What is your hobby? /What are your hobbies? 취미가 뭐예요? ★what do you like to do? 뭘 하는 걸 좋아해요? ★Do you like.... ? ..... 는 걸 좋아해요? ★재미로 뭘 하는 걸 좋아해요? What do you like to do for fun? ★시간 남을 때 뭐 해요? What do you do in your free time? ★자유시간 있을 때 뭐하는 걸 좋아해요? What do you like to do in your free time? ★스포츠를 할 수 있어요? Can you do any sports? ★V-는 거 좋아해요? I like... ★V-는 제 취미예요 ...... is my hobby ★제 취미는 N-이에요/예요 My hobby is ...... ★ N-이에요/예요 It's....... 취미 Hobbies : ★reading : 독서 ★cooking:요리, 요리하는 것 ★watching movies: 영화보기 ★watching TV : 티비를 보기, 티비 보는 것 ★watching dramas :드라마보기 ★surfing Internet: 인터넷하기 ★language learning: 언어 베우기 ★blogging : 블로깅 ★spending time with friends : 친구하고 시간을 보내기 ★listening to music: 음악듣기, 음막 듣는 것 ★singing :노래하기, 노래하는 거 ★playing the piano: 피아노 치는 것 ★playing the guitar: 기타를 치는 것 ★playing the drums: 드럼 치는 것 ★playing violin: 바이올린 치는 것 ★drawing, painting 그림 그리기, 그림 그리는 것 ★pottery :도예 하는것 ★calligraphy: 서예 하는 것 ★sewing 바느질 ★knitting, crochet 뜨개질 ★photography : 사진 찍기, 사진을 찍는 것

By 정하늘 (amal) Vocabulary (어휘): Vocabulary related to appearance and personality Vocabulary related to appearance (외모에 관련된 어휘) : ★외모:appearance and look ★to be tall: 키가 크다 ★to be short : 키가 작다 ★to be pretty :예쁘다 ★to be handsome : 잘생기다 ★to be cute: 귀엽다 ★to be ugly:못생기다 ★to be stylish, cool: 멋있다 ★to have short hair: 짧은머리가 있다 ★to have long hair :긴머리가 있다 ★to have shoulder length hair :어께까지 오는 머리가 있다 ★to have a pony tail : 묶은 머리가 있다 ★to have wavy hair:웨이브 머리가 있다 ★to have curly hair: 곱슬머리가 있다 ★to have straight hair :곧은 머리/ 생머리가 있다 ★to be skinny: 날씬하다 ★to be chubby: 통통하다 ★To be overweight (fat) : 뚱뚱하다 ★to be muscular :근육질이다 Expression to use them with : ★I/someone have ...... Hair (name) 씨는 / 저는 .... 머리가 있어요 ★my mom is (skinny /fat/ chubby) 엄마는 (날씬해요/ 뚱뚱해요/ 통통해요) ★(name) is short .... 씨는 키가 작아요 ★someone is tall Name님은 키가 커요 Vocabulary related to personality (성격에 관련 어휘) ★lazy person: 게으른, 나태한 ★bright/ outgoing person: 밝은 ★arrogant : 거만한 ★modest: 겸손한 ★kind :착한 ★competitive :경쟁심이 강한 ★greedy: 욕심이 많은 ★generous: 관대한, 너그러운 ★stupid : 어리석은 ★bad:나쁜 ★weak minded : 마음이 약한 ★timid : 소심한 ★open minded:마음이 열린 ★wise:지혜로운 ★polite: 예의바른 ★selfish:이기적인 ★brave :용감한 Expression to use them with : ★Someone is..... Name님은..... 사람이에요

By 정하늘 (amal) Vocabulay (어휘) : 과일 어휘 : Fruits vocabulary ★사과 : apple ★바나나: banana ★포도: grapes ★살구: apricot ★자몽: grapefruit ★자두: plumb ★라임: lime ★레몬: lemon ★배: pear ★귤: tangerine ★딸기: strawberry ★수박: watermelon ★산딸기: raspberry ★복송아: peach ★파인애플: pineapple ★석류: pomegranate ★블루베리: Blueberry Practice time : ★저는 (fruit name) 을/를 먹었어요 I ate (fruit) ★(fruit name) 이/가 너무 맛있어요 (fruit name) is very delicious ★저는 (fruit name) 을/를 아주 좋아해요 I like (fruit name) a lot ★제가 (fruit name) 을/를 제일 좋아해요 I like (fruit name) the most ★제일/가장 좋아하는 과일은 (fruit name ) 이예요/예요 My favorite fruit is (fruit name) 야채 어휘 :Vegetables vocabulay ★양파:Onion ★마늘: Garlic ★생강: Ginger ★당근: Carrot ★토마토: Tomatoes ★감자: Potatoes ★양배추: Cabbage ★배추: Chinese Cabbage ★시금치: Spinach ★옥수수: Corn ★무: Radish ★껍질콩: Green Beans ★피망: Bell Pepper ★버섯: Mushrooms ★고구마: Sweet Potato ★호박: Pumpkin ★순무: Turnip ★고추: Red Pepper Practice time (연습) : ★엄마가 (야채) 을/를 좋아해요 My mom like (veggie name) ★제가 (야채) 을/를 싫어해요. I hate (veggie name) ★어제는 (여채)을/를 먹었어요 Yesterday (we) ate (vegetables name) ★(야채)이/가 맛있어요 (vegetable name) ★저는 (야채)을/를 못 먹어요 I can't eat (veggie name) 견과 어휘: Nuts vocabulay ★아몬드: Almond ★땅콩: Peanut ★호두: Walnut ★밤: Chestnut ★잣: Pine nut ★캐슈넛: Cashew Nut 대화 :Dialogue A: B씨가장 좋아하는 야채는 뭐예요? What is your favourite vegetable B? B: 저는 아스파라거스를 좋아해요. A씨는? I like Asparagus. And you A? A: 저는 고추를 좋아HE요. C씨는? I like Red pepper. And you C? C: 저는… I like… Practice (연습) : ★(00)을/를 좋아해요 I like (00) ★(00)을/를 싫어해요 I hate (00) ★제가 (마늘)을 싫어해요 I hate garlic) ★(00) 알러지가 있어요 I have an allergy to (00) ★(00)을/를 못 먹어요 I can't eat (00) ★(00)은/는 셔요 (시다) (00) is sour ★(00)은/는 달아요 (달다) (00) is sweet ★(00)은/는 매워요 (맵다) (00) is sour ★(00)은/는 써요 (쓰다) (00) are bitter

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (문법) : (으) 니까 (으) 니 We just learned how to create the meaning of "because ", "so", "therefore" between two clauses using 그래서 or (동사) 아/어/해서 , (명사) (이)라서 Now we can also use (으) 니까 to create a very similar meaning. The subtle nuances is that (으) 니까 is commonly used when the 1st clause is an excuse as to why the 2nd clause occurs. Sometimes there's a slight feeling that the speaker is annoyed at the cause for something not happening ~으니까 is used when the verb's stem ends with a consonant : ★넣다:To put sth in 넣으니까 ★없다: to not have, not exist 없으니까 ~니까 is used when the verb's stem ends with a vowel, or verbs that ends with 하다: ★공부하다:to study 공부하니까 ★소문을 내다:To spread a rumor 소문을 내니까 ★화가 나다: To get angry 화가 나니까 ~With verbs that are conjugated in the past tense 았/었/였 we will add 으니까 !!!! Unlike 아/어/해서, (으)니까 can be conjugated into past tense ★맞다: To be right 맞았으니까 ★뜨겁다: To be hot (things) 뜨거웠으니까 Tip on when to use it!!! ~Use with commands 하세요 : do it 하지 마세요 : don't do it ~Use it with suggestions 할까요 : shall we 할래요: do you wanna... ~ 하는 개 어때요 : how about doing.... ~Use it with permissions 해도 돼요 : you can do... 안 ~도 돼요: you can't do... ... Examples (예문) : ★비가 오니까 우산을 가지고 가세요 Please take an umbrella because it's raining ★시간이 없으니까 얼른 오세요 We don't have time so please come quickly ★너무 맛있으니까 더 먹고 싶어요 Beacause it's so delicious I want to eat more ★추우니까 따뜻한 옷을 입으세요 It's cold so please wear warm clothes

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (분법) : Each and every 마다 To say each and every....you will just have to attach 마다 after the noun ★날:day 날마다 ★달:month 달마다 ★해:year 해마다 ★집:house 집집마다 ★밤:night ? With things like 집(house ), 곳(place), when used with 마다 they're repeated twice Examples (예문) : ★each person had its own concerns / worries 사람마다 고민이 있는데요 ★each day it's different 날마다 달라요 ★I go visit my grandparents every year 저는 해.... 조부모님 댁에 가요 ★I knocked on the door of each house when I was young 제가 어렸을 때 집집마다 문을 두드렸어요

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (문법) : Approximately, about, around 약, 쯤, 정도 In English we say "around", "about", "approximately" before the noun In korean we add 쯤, 정도 after the name And for 약 we add it before the noun as in English ~With 쯤: we attach 쯤 to the nouns ★한 시:1 o'clock 한 시쯤 ★1000 원: 1000 won 1000 원쯤 ~With 정도 : we add it after the noun ★1년: one year 1년 정도 ★15 분:15 min 15 분 정도 ~With 약 : we add it before the noun ★5 시:5 o'clock 약 5 시 ★10 킬로미터 : 10 km 약 10 킬로미터 You can also combine 약 and 쯤 OR 약 and 정도: ★오후 5 시: 약 오후 5 시쯤 약 오후 5 시 정도 ★1 시간 약 한 시간쯤 약 항 시간 정도 ★3 킬로미터 : 약 3 킬로미터쯤 약 3 킬로미터 정도 Examples (예문) : ★about 100 people came 100명쯤 왔어요 100 명 정도 왔어요 ★I lived in France for 5 years 프랑스에서 5년쯤 살았어요 약 프랑스에서 5 년 살았어요 ★about when are you going to go? 언제쯤 갈 거예요? 언제 정도 갈 거예요? ★around what time shall we meet tomorrow? 내일 몇 시쯤 만날까? 약 내일 몇 시 정도 만날까? ★it's takes around 15 minutes from here 여기서 15 분 정도 걸려요 약 여기에서 15분 걸려요

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (분법) : ~ Only 밖에 ~ N밖에 particle = ‘only’ or ‘nothing but’, nothing except Usage : - Express that only 1 thing or option is available, no other things else. = ‘only’ or ‘nothing but’ - Must use in negative form (except for 아니다). It's mosly used with 없다: ★친구밖에:nothing but friends ★밥밖에:nothing except rice ★천 원밖에:nothing but 1000 won ★너밖에: no one but you Noun + 밖에 (ending in negative form): 1. 안 /지 않다: 사과가 한 개밖에 안 남았어요. There’s only 1 Apple left. 2. 못/ 지 못하다: 선물을 한 개밖에 못 받았어요. I can only receive one present. 3. 없어요: 돈이 1000 원밖에 없어요. I only have 1000 won left. 음식이 조금밖에 없어요. There’s only a little food left. 4. 몰라요: 한국어는 ‘안녕하세요’랑 ‘감사합니다’밖에 몰라요. I only know to say ‘hello’ and ‘thank you’ in Korean. Examples (예문) : ★이 책이 어려워서 세 쪽밖에 못 읽었어요. This book is difficult, so I can only read 3 pages. ★파티에 20명 초대했어요. 그런데 10명밖에 안 왔어요. I invited 20 people to the party but only 10 came. ★가:시간이 얼마나남았어요? 나:10분밖에 안 남았어요. A:How much time is left? BJust 10 min remaining. ★가:반에 여학생이 많아요? 나:여학생은 1명밖에 없어요. A:Are there many female students in the class? B:Only 1 person.

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (문법) : 'only', 'no more than' 밖에 (이)나 is used to indicate that the number or the amount of something is mich higher or more than expected, or it is at a level higher than what is generally considered normal. It does corresponds to 'as many as', 'no less than' in English. Meanwhile the particle 밖에 is used to indicate that a number or an amount is less than expected or doesn't meet a general standard (less than the standard) Depending on the perspective, a certain quantity can be viewed as either smaller or larger than expected. And thus 밖에 and (이)나 can be used to express such view. ★1 킬로미터 :1 kilometer 1 킬로미터밖에 ★사과 1개:1 apples 사과 1개밖에 Examples (예문) : ★I called my friend (only) 5 times 친구에게 다섯 번밖에 전화를 안 했어요 ★I ate no more than 2 strawberries 딸기를 두 개밖에 안 먹었어요 ★I slept for (only) 5 hours yesterday 어제 다섯 시간이 안 잤어요 ★I read (less than) 10 pages for one hour 한 시간 동안 열 페이지밖에 안 읽었어요 ★I couldn't walk for more than 1 kilometer 제가 1 킬로미터밖에 못 걸었어요

By 정하늘 (amal) Grammar (문법) : 'as many as', 'no less than' (이)나 (이)나 is used to indicate that the number or the amount of something is mich higher or more than expected, or it is at a level higher than what is generally considered normal. It does corresponds to 'as many as', 'no less than' in English. ~if the name ends with a vowel: 나 is attached to it ★5 킬로미터 :5 kilometers 5 킬로미터나 ★사과 5개:5 apples 사과 5개나 ~if the name ends with a consonant : 이나 is attached to it ★현재자매 6명: 6 siblings 현재자매 6명이나 ★12 시간: 12 hours 12 시간이나 Examples (예문) : ★I called my friend (as many as) 5 times 친구에게 다섯 번이나 전화했어요 ★I ate no less than 15 strawberries 딸기를 열다섯 개나 먹었어요 ★I slept for (as many as) 12 hours yesterday 어제 열두 시간이 잤어요 ★I read no less than 100 pages for one hour 한 시간 동안 백 페이지나 읽었어요 ★I walked for no less than 5 kilometers 제가 5 킬로미터나 걸었어요

By 정하늘 (amal) Useful vocabulary: 문법: grammar 어휘: vocabulary 명사: Noun 동사: Verbs 형명사: adjectives / descriptive verbs 부사: adverb 글자: letter 모음: vowel 자음: consonant 단어: word 동의어: synonym 반대어: antonym 활용: conjugation

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  • Korean

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