English: "Ed" endings on words

1. How to Pronounce 'ed' Endings: 3 Very Easy Rules Rule one, if the sound at the end of the infinitive is unvoiced, ED is pronounced tt– walked. Rule two, if it’s voiced, the ED is pronounced dd– agreed. Seemed. Rule three, if that last sound is T or D, the ED ending is –ihd: needed, painted. The /id/ sound If the last letter of the word is spelled with D or T, the ED is pronounced as a separate syllable with an /id/ sound (it rhymes with kid and lid). wanted (sounds like "want-id") waited needed folded The /t/ sound If the last consonant of the word is voiceless, then the ED is pronounced as a T. Be careful not to create an extra syllable or "id" sound. talked (sounds like "talkt") kissed (the S sound comes from the front of mouth so it would sound like "kisst") parked helped NOTE: As an example, with the word "helped", if you say "help-id" as a two syllable word, then it is very likely that people will NOT understand the word or what you are saying. (It is pronounced like "helpt") The /d/ sound If the last letter of the words ends in a voiced consonant (or sound), then the ED is pronounced like a D (without creating another syllable) played (sounds like "playd") closed (the S sounds like a vibrating Z so the word would sound like "clozd") opened lived 2. An easy way to remember how to pronounce ED words The most important thing to remember is that there are two main divisions: The words that end in T or D - the ED is pronounced as a syllable /id/ and the REST of the words - you can pronounce the ED as /t/ and people will understand. In time you will learn when to pronounce the ED as /t/ or /d/. The following is a guide to the correct spelling of words ending -ED. Remember: Not all words that end in -ED are verbs in the past tense. Sometimes they are Past Participles or they could even be Adjectives ending in -ED. For now we will mostly use verbs in the Past Tense as examples though the same rules apply to all words ending in -ED The general rule when changing a word (or verb) into its -ED form is just to add -ED to the end of it. Infinitive ED form to play played to wait waited to work worked to rain rained He played with his dog in the backyard. I waited for them to invite me. She worked until late last night. It rained all day. Spelling Exceptions The following exceptions exist when spelling words ending in ED: 3. ). If a word ends in an E we just add the D to the end. Infinitive ED form to live lived to love loved to smile smiled to dance danced I lived in Japan for two years and then moved to Thailand. I loved the surprise you had for me. He smiled when he saw his wife come through the door. They danced until their feet hurt. 4). If the word ends in a Consonant + Vowel + Consonant, we double the final consonant and add ED. Infinitive ED form to stop stopped to admit admitted to plan planned to refer referred to commit committed The policeman stopped the thief from escaping. He admitted that he was wrong. We planned a surprise birthday party for our friend. I referred the students to the website where they could practice some more. They committed a serious crime and will end up in jail. 5. ). If a two-syllable verb ends in a Consonant + Vowel + Consonant, we DO NOT double the final consonant when the stress is on the FIRST syllable. Infinitive ED form to happen happened to enter entered to offer offered to suffer suffered What happened? I entered through the back door. She was offered a new position with a higher salary. Many people are suffered from a lack of food and water . 6.. BUT, we DO NOT double the final consonant when the word ends in W, X or Y or when the final syllable is not stressed. Infinitive ED form to fix fixed to enjoy enjoyed to snow snowed He fixed his bike. We enjoyed our time in the North of Chile. It snowed yesterday. 7. If the verb ends in consonant + vowel + L, we normally double the final L and add ED. Note: In the United States (US) they DO NOT double the L when the accent is on the first syllable. Infinitive ED form to travel travelled /traveled to marvel marvelled marveled I traveled around South America in 2012. Her beauty marveled us.

Verbs ending in “ed” and “ing” Write each verb in their “ed” and “ing” form. 1. talk __________ __________ 2. park __________ __________ 3. finish __________ __________ 4. jump __________ __________ 5. rock __________ __________ 6. look __________ __________ 7. climb __________ __________ 8. brush __________ __________ 9. toss __________ __________ 10. fish __________ __________

Write each verb in their –ed and –ing form. 1. tan __________ __________ 2. wag __________ __________ 3. dot __________ __________ 4. slap __________ __________ 5. fit __________ __________ 6. drip __________ __________ 7. whip __________ __________ 8. flip __________ __________ 9. fan __________ __________ 10. tip __________ __________ Hint: pin, pinned, pinning

1. Added 2. Aided 3. Aimed 4. Aired 5. Aloud 6. Armed 7. Asked

1. Led Red Bed Fed Wed Used Need Feed Aged Seed 2. Shed Read Fled Bred Lied Heed Sped Dyed Iced Tied 3. Speed Urged Embed Ached Tired Dried Flied Wired Baked Piled 4. Sided Faked Greed Muted Edged Raced Diced Coded Caged Faded 5. Poised Indeed Closed Sacred Polled Boiled Elated Forced Minded Misled 6. Linked Rugged Packed Headed Voiced Wedged Exceed Varied Loaded Landed 7. Limited Alleged Smashed Related Guarded Hundred Applied Painted Hurried Unarmed 8. Married Removed Crowded Deleted Exalted Engaged Rounded Cramped Seaweed Divided 9. Spotted Tangled Beloved Retired Studied Unaided Unmoved Cramped Favoured Coloured 10. Provided Unwanted Adjusted Included Impacted Advanced Isolated Composed Assorted Acquired 11. Extended Confused Educated Travelled Inclined Attached Indebted Inflated Featured Elevated 12. Developed Concerned Saturated Simulated Qualified Collected Delighted Confirmed Laminated Satisfied 13. Unlimited Practised Flavoured Unaltered Unchecked Disturbed Civilised Submerged Dignified Contented 14. Considered Unexplored Unrealised Unexpected Unfinished Celebrated Challenged Calculated Structured Restricted 15. Pronounced Undefeated Redefined Privileged Unemployed Unaccustomed Confounded Farsighted Unscripted Evenhanded 16. Experienced Dilapidated Generalised Complicated Conditioned Opinionated Preoccupied Unspecified Uninhibited Unorganised 17. Incorporated Acknowledged Accomplished Computerised Unparalleled Dissatisfied Impoverished Multifaceted Malnourished Discontented 18. Coldhearted Disconnected Multilayered Encapsulated Shortsighted Sophisticated Unprecedented Unanticipated Overqualified Indisciplined 19. Disadvantaged Unarticulated Countersigned Disillusioned Reestablished Aforementioned Unacknowledged Underpopulated Overprivileged Revolutionised 20. Interconnected Conceptualised Uncontradicted Hyperpolarized Structuralised Underprivileged Circumnavigated Intercorrelated Counterweighted Traditionalised Overexaggerated Hyperventilated Noncomputerised Counterbalanced Sensationalised